基于Docker构建hadoop集群的配置说明

小灰灰__

1011人浏览 · 2025-10-14 10:27:27

小灰灰__ · 2025-10-14 10:27:27 发布

构建Dockerfile镜像

docker build -t hadoop-ubuntu:1.0 .

使用docker-compose定义三节点集群

docker-compose up -d

配置 Hadoop 集群

配置环境变量

vim ~/.bashrc

文件末尾添加：

export HDFS_NAMENODE_USER=root

export HDFS_DATANODE_USER=root

export HDFS_SECONDARYNAMENODE_USER=root

export YARN_RESOURCEMANAGER_USER=root

export YARN_NODEMANAGER_USER=root

让配置立即生效：

source ~/.bashrc

配置 SSH 免密登录

docker exec -it hadoop-master bash

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub

docker exec -it hadoop-slave1 bash

docker exec -it hadoop-slave2 bash

分别进入 hadoop-slave1和 hadoop-slave2容器，将上述公钥内容追加到各自的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中，并确保权限为 600

修改 Hadoop 配置文件

/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://hadoop-master:9000</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
        <value>file:///opt/hadoop/tmp</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.replication</name>
        <value>2</value> <!-- 由于有三个节点，副本数可设为2 -->
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>file:///opt/hadoop/hdfs/namenode</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>file:///opt/hadoop/hdfs/datanode</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->

<!-- Put site-specific property overrides in this file. -->

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!--
  Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
  you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
  You may obtain a copy of the License at

    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  limitations under the License. See accompanying LICENSE file.
-->
<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
        <value>hadoop-master</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

/opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop/workers